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Temporomandibular joint/temporomandibular disorders are a family of problems related to your complex jaw joint. If you have had symptoms like pain or a “clicking or popping” sound, you’ll be glad to know that these problems are more easily diagnosed and treated than they were in the past. These symptoms occur when the joints of the jaw and the chewing muscles (muscles of mastication) do not work together correctly.
TMJ disorders develop for many reasons. You might clench or grind your teeth, tightening your jaw muscles or stressing your TM joint. You may have a damaged jaw joint due to injury or disease. Injuries and arthritis can damage the joint directly or stretch or tear the muscle ligaments. As a result, the disc, which is made of cartilage and functions as the “cushion” of the jaw joint, can slip out of position. Whatever the cause the results may include:
There are various treatment options that Dr. Hoffman or Dr. Hankle can utilize to improve the harmony and function of your jaw. Once an evaluation confirms a diagnosis of TMJ disorder, the doctor will determine the proper course of treatment.
The initial goals are to relieve the muscle spasm and joint pain. This is usually accomplished with certain medications and self-care treatments:
If symptoms persist Drs. Hoffman and Hankle will usually recommend a temporary, clear plastic appliance known as a splint. A splint or nightguard fits over the top or bottom teeth and helps keep your teeth apart, thereby relaxing the muscles and reducing pain. A nightguard helps you stop clenching or grinding your teeth and reduces muscle tension at night and helps to protect the cartilage and joint surfaces.
If your TMJ disorder has caused problems with how your teeth fit together, you may need treatment such as bite adjustment (equilibration), orthodontics with or without jaw reconstruction, or restorative dental work. Surgical options may be indicated but are reserved for much more severe cases.